1. No two people with autism are alike
As I wrote earlier this year, autism is a very heterogenous condition. In less fancy terms, autism affects each person differently. Using terms such as "high functioning", "low functioning", "mild", "severe," "Aspergers" "classic autism" etc. doesn't accurately capture the whole entire spectrum of autism. In fact, there maybe thousands of different subtypes of autism which in the future the spectrum of autism may disperse into different diagnoses and conditions as we get more insight and studies examining the different types of autism. Throughout my journey living with autism I have met numerous individuals on the spectrum as a result of my self advocacy work and being involved with different activities and groups. They all have different struggles and perceive autism differently than myself. With that said, it is important that we focus on the individual needs for someone on the spectrum.
2. Functioning labels do more harm than good
In the autism community, there still seems to be an urge of grouping people on the spectrum based on where they fall on the spectrum. I know people use these terms to make it easier to understand autism and to get some understanding of the abilities, deficits and support needs of a child or adult on the spectrum. However functioning labels don't account entirely the talents and support needs of an individual with autism since they often have uneven development in specific domains.. Also, functioning labels are a disservice for both those labeled "high functioning" (those individuals who can pass easily in society) and those labeled "low functioning" (those individuals whose autism is more intense and involved). For those individuals who can easily pass in society and whose autistic symptoms are less obvious, our struggles and needs for supports are dismissed by the greater society as well as the various governmental systems and institutions that provide supports for those who have special needs. In other words, our "bad days" are discounted as merely quirks and we are often told that "we should work harder." As someone who is able to pass fairly well and be labeled "high functioning," I want people to know that I still need help and support to be able to navigate my daily life.For those individuals whose autistic symptoms are more obvious or for those who are nonverbal, their abilities and strengths are dismissed as people tend to focus on their deficits or what they are "incapable of." In my own personal experience, I know a lot of individuals who are nonverbal that have a lot to say. They type to communicate and when you take the time to listen, you realize they have a lot of insight and are paying attention to the world around them. To summarize this post, instead of using functioning labels to describe a person's experience with autism and prescibing treatements and supports based on these labels, we should look at autistic children and adults as an individual and focus on their own unique needs and wants.
3. Autism affects females too.
There is still this stereotype that autism is thought to be a disorder that affects more boys than girls. However because of this assumption, many girls and women are either diagnosed late or remain undiagnosed. They are often left to suffer in silence. As an autistic girl, I was almost missed for an early diagnosis if it hadn't been for the watchful eye of one of my aunts who talked to a friend of hers who suggested that all of the symptoms that I experienced as a preschooler were related to autism. This in turn led my parents to seek out help for me which ultimately lead to an official diagnosis when I entered preschool. However, I truly believed I could have received an autism diagnosis a year earlier but I think because I was a girl and did not fit the traditional stereotype of autism, I was not considered for a diagnosis at that time. However, I noticed over the years that I experienced autism differently than my male counterparts due to the fact that I was a girl. I noticed that the boys experienced their autistic symptoms more intensely and had more social deficits than I do. However as I addressed in my post "Why autism is a feminist issue", most of the research literature that surrounds autism in terms of intervention and treatment utilizes a predominantly male sample which make these treatments take on a more "masculine approach". There needs to be more understanding about how autism affects both girls and women as well as interventions that are tailored to their unique emotional needs. The good news is that more researchers are becoming interested in examining gender differences in the presentation of autism and that recently the popular children's television show Sesame Street added an autistic girl as an official muppet to the cast.. I am glad that we are stepping in the right direction, in showing that autism affects females as much as males and that gender bias is the reason why so many girls and women are missed .
4. Autistic children grow up to be Autistic Adults
When reading different articles regarding autism online and on facebook, there still seems to be an underlying theme that autism is thought to be a childhood disorder or only affects children. It seems as though adults on the spectrum are thought not to exist or that they "outgrow" autism. While it is true that autism is commonly identified and has its onset in childhood, we need to start realizing that autistic people don't stay children forever. Just like other human beings, we grow up and mature but that doesn't mean our struggles and our unique needs go away when we turn 18. Unfortunately as autistic people get older the availability and funding for crucial supports, accommodations and services becomes less and less. As a result there is a crisis in which there are a lot of children who are reaching adulthood and no adequate resources to support them in terms of housing, employment and social/recreation.. Hence, this is why autism acceptance is crucial because it is based on reality and accepting the fact that autism is a lifelong condition and we don't "get over it" even if some of us had an early diagnosis and got intensive services in childhood. We need to educate businesses and other organizations on why people with autism would make great employees as well as opening up their minds on providing accommodations that would help autistic people maintain employment. Universities and colleges should be more open in providing supports that go beyond basic academic accommodations that also address the the social and emotional needs of autistic students as more of them plan to pursue postsecondary education There needs to be more providers (therapists and occupational therapists) who are willing to serve adult clients. Lastly, there also needs to be more of a focus on community based services and options such as supported living rather than just on segregated living arrangements such as group homes for those on the spectrum who are capable and/or want to have more of a inclusive living situation. The bottom line is that autistic adults deserve to get the attention and supports they need to live a great quality of life just as much as children with autism.
5. The term "age appropriate" is subjective
As someone on the spectrum who has interests that are targeted for a younger audience, I have always had a problem with the term "age appropriate." As I wrote a year earlier of how I feel about this concept, it has the negative affect of oppressing individual expression and happiness in those on the autism spectrum. It is based on someone else's view on normality and by oppressing these interests, parents and professionals are missing out on an opportunity to connect with an individual on the spectrum. For older children, teens and adults on the spectrum, cartoons such as My Little Pony, Sesame Street, Disney etc. and other activities designed for younger children bring intense comfort and predictability and can serve as a remedy from a world that can be unaccommodating and sometimes hostile to our differences. Also by imposing restrictions on hobbies and activities that are not developmentally appropriate, we forget the fact that there are adults and teens who are not on the spectrum who like cartoons. In other words, when we devote so much energy pushing age appropriate interests, we put the disability first ahead of the individual. We forget that everyone has different interests and preferences and have different ways to enjoy their leisure time. This is not to say that we should not introduce new hobbies that are more mainstream, since it is important for people on the spectrum to have diverse interests and experiences. But, if an activity makes someone happy, why should we discourage that interest/hobby just because the majority of our same age peers perceive it as childish? The good news is that more people in the autism community are openly challenging this subjective social norm. For instance, one of my favorite bloggers who is a mother of an autistic daughter wrote that we should focus on what's person appropriate instead of age appropriate. To see parents who are allies and who advocate acceptance of these interests, shows that we are moving in the right direction.
6. Independence is overrated and that we all need help at certain points of our lives
The central goal of most autism treatments and interventions is to make the person self sufficient. It is the goal most parents strive for their children and some self advocates themselves want to be independent. While it is important to learn how to do things for yourself if you want to have greater participation in society, it can be a scary concept for others on the spectrum. This is especially true of my experience. Starting from my adolescence and even today, the concept of independence brings a lot of anxiety and uncertainty. My main fear of independence and self sufficiency is the expectation of navigating a world that is often not understanding of my special needs. We are aware that the world is not equipped to dealing with the needs of autistic people. I think that more professionals and parents need to recognize this fear in their children and clients and to be more sensitive and try not push so hard when it comes independence goals. Another reason why independence is overrated is that there are those on the spectrum that can't be independent since they need help with basic day-to-day tasks. That does not mean that we should look at high support individuals with pity because they cannot due basic tasks we take for granted. With that said, I feel that therapists and other professionals that work with autistic individuals need to emphasize more that it is okay to ask for help and that no one is truly self sufficient. Autistics like myself have concrete black and white thinking in which when we think of being self sufficient, we believe that we should always be capable of doing things for ourselves and that we don't have the right to ask for help. To sum this section up, it is okay to depend on someone to assist us if things get too overwhelming and that just because you need help in your day to day life, it should not be a shameful thing. The way I look at independence is this: We should all strive for a level of self sufficiency that is comfortable and manageable to us.
7.Milestones don't determine whether someone on the spectrum will live a successful life
Even today in the autism community, I still read and hear parents relish over the fact about how their child "will never marry, never drive a car or go to college etc." just because their child has autism. Here is the thing about milestones: they will either happen, be reached at a later age than normal or not be reached at all. We get so hooked on milestones because autism is diagnosed as a result of a young child missing crucial milestones in terms of talking, socializing as well as self care skills. However we cannot measure an autistic person's self worth based on whether they achieved certain rites of passage such as going away to college, getting a driver's license and getting married. There are some autistics that never attend college, never get married or never drive that are doing extroardinary things. For instance, although I got my college degree, I still don't drive and am not currently nor interested in being in a romantic relationship but I have steady employment and have self published an autobiography about my life. I use to get upset over the fact of not reaching certain milestones on a normal timetable like driving or not having move into a dorm at 18, but I slowly realized that I have my own path and found success and happiness in other ways. Just like the term age appropriate, milestones are prescribed based on someone else's notions on normality. I believe autistics are here to teach us that there are multiple definitions of success and that self worth isn't define by the amount of milestones we reach.
These are some of the main takeaways I want people to know this April. We need to accept our population's unique development, quirks and characteristics and to make the world a more friendly place. I came up with these facts based on what I learned throughout my 20 year journey with autism. We have come a long way from the early 90's from when I was diagnosed in terms of understanding autism and our knowledge is constantly growing. This is why it is important to respect and listen to autistic self advocates since they have helped widen our perspective of what it means to be autistic. This is the main reason why I started a blog a year ago. I wanted to promote and spread autism acceptance beyond the month of April. I hoped that I had enlightened people with this blog post.
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